The Silent Battle: Understanding the Impact of SGBV on Mental Health
Sarah was a young woman full of life and ambition. From the outside, everything seemed perfect in her life – a successful career, a loving partner, and dreams of a bright future. However, behind closed doors, she was living a nightmare. Her partner, Mark, subjected her to emotional manipulation and verbal abuse for years. At first, Sarah thought Mark’s behaviour was just a temporary hurdle in their relationship. But things quickly spiralled out of control as the abuse escalated, leaving her trapped in a web of fear and despair. One evening, after a heated argument, Mark’s rage turned physical, leaving Sarah bruised and terrified. At that moment, she realized that she could no longer endure the danger she faced. Fuelled by fear and desperation, Sarah found the courage to seek help. With the unwavering support of her friends, she contacted a local organization that specialized in helping survivors of domestic violence. Through counselling and legal guidance, Sarah found the courage to break free from her abusive relationship and start a journey of healing and empowerment.
Individuals experience pain and suffering throughout human life, which can leave unseen emotional scars. Sexual and Gender-Based Violence (SGBV) is one of the most distressing experiences that can cause such wounds. Besides causing physical harm, SGBV can also have long-lasting effects on mental health, disrupting the balance and stability of a person’s overall well-being.
SGBV encompasses a spectrum of abuses, including rape, sexual assault, domestic violence, forced marriage, female genital mutilation (FGM), forced abortion, and forced sterilization perpetrated against individuals based on their gender. It is prevalent worldwide and affects people from different cultures, socioeconomic backgrounds, and regions. However, discussions about its impact on mental health are often avoided because of the stigma and shame associated with it. Survivors of Sexual and Gender-Based Violence (SGBV) often face an array of psychological challenges that affect various aspects of their lives. They have to deal with trauma, which can manifest in different ways such as Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD), depression, suicidal thoughts, anxiety, substance abuse, and disassociation. Survivors may experience nightmares that disrupt their sleep, as well as flashbacks that transport them back to the traumatic event. This can make them feel trapped in an endless cycle of emotional pain and suffering.
Moreover, the psychological scars of SGBV extend beyond the individual, impacting interpersonal relationships and social functioning. Survivors may struggle with trust issues, withdrawing from intimacy and connection out of fear of vulnerability or re-traumatization. Survivors often blame themselves, which damages their self-esteem, leading to a sense of unworthiness. The invisible wounds of SGBV wield a profound influence, shaping survivors’ perceptions of themselves and the world around them.
Amid difficulties and hardships, the path to recovery is filled with obstacles, yet not devoid of hope. An important part of this journey is recognizing the experiences of those who have survived and acknowledging their emotions. Creating a safe environment for survivors to share their stories, without fear of judgment or disbelief, is crucial in promoting healing and empowerment. Professional mental health support, including therapy and counseling, equips survivors with tools to navigate the complex terrain of trauma and regain control over their lives.
Furthermore, addressing the systemic factors that perpetuate SGBV is essential in preventing future harm and promoting holistic healing. This entails challenging societal norms that perpetuate gender inequality and violence, advocating for comprehensive legislation to protect survivors, and fostering a culture that respects consent and promotes respect.
As we observe Mental Health Awareness Month, let us focus on the intersection of SGBV and mental health, amplifying the voices of survivors and working towards removing the barriers to healing. By taking collective action, showing compassion, and standing in solidarity we can create a world where survivors are not defined by their trauma but rather empowered by their resilience. Let us break the silence and work together to pave the path towards healing and justice for all.
By Rebecca Mmboga
Clinical Psychology Program Assistant
